At each stage, we show a cut through the cylinder to reveal the movement of the piston and the amount of the gas volume created by the head of the piston and the cylinder to the right of the piston head. We have broken the Otto cycle into six numbered stages based on the mechanical operation of the engine. The basic ideas of thermodynamics are taught in high school physics classes, so the Wright brothers knew and used these concepts, particularly in their engine design. Thermodynamics deals only with the large scale response of a system which we can observe and measure in experiments. It was born in the 19th century as scientists were first discovering how to build and operate steam engines. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals with the energy and work of a system. On this page we will discuss the basic thermodynamic principles and on a separate page we present the thermodynamic analysis that allows you to design and predict engine performance. There are two main parts to engine operation: the mechanical operation of the engine parts, and the thermodynamics through which the engine produces work and power. The brothers’ design is very simple by today’s standards, so it is a good engine for students to study to learn the fundamentals of engine operation.
The brothers’ design was based on early automobile engine designs which used the Otto cycle, developed by the German, Dr. The engine is called a four-stroke engine because there are four movements (strokes) of the piston during one cycle. Between ignitions, the engine parts move in a repeated sequence called a cycle. The burning of fuel is not a continuous process, but occurs very quickly at regular time intervals. The hot exhaust gas pushes a piston in the cylinder which is connected to a crankshaft to produce power. In an internal combustion engine, fuel and air are ignited inside a cylinder. The Wright brothers used a gasoline powered, four-stroke, internal combustion engine to power their aircraft. Home > Beginners Guide to Aeronautics Internal Combustion Engine – Otto Cycle
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